Characteristics
| Molecular Formula | C23H41N9O7 |
| CAS Number | 129954-34-3 |
| Molar Mass | 555.64 g/mol |
| Amino Acid Sequence | Thr-Lys-Pro-Arg |
| Synonyms | TP-7, Immunomodulator Selank, Antidepressant Selank, Selanc |
| Solubility | Water-soluble |
| Organoleptic Profile | White to off-white powder |
| Composition | Lyophilized powder - requires reconstitution |
How does Selank work?
Selank exerts its effects through multiple mechanisms of action. It has been shown to modulate the expression of brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) and its receptor TrkB, which are crucial for neuronal survival, growth, and synaptic plasticity. Selank also interacts with the GABAergic system, enhancing inhibitory neurotransmission and producing anxiolytic effects. Additionally, Selank has been found to regulate serotonin and dopamine, neurotransmitters involved in mood regulation and cognitive function.
Furthermore, Selank exhibits immunomodulatory and anti-inflammatory properties. It modulates cytokine production, such as interleukin-6 (IL-6) and tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α), and enhances natural killer cell activity, boosting the immune response. Selank also demonstrates antioxidant effects, protecting cells from oxidative stress-induced damage.
Benefits
- Anxiolytic effects: Selank has been extensively studied for its potent anxiolytic properties, comparable to those of benzodiazepines but without the associated side effects. Clinical trials have demonstrated its efficacy in reducing anxiety symptoms in patients with generalized anxiety disorder and post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD).
- Antidepressant effects: Selank has shown promise as an antidepressant, improving mood and reducing depressive symptoms in animal models and human clinical trials. Its antidepressant effects are thought to be mediated through the modulation of monoaminergic neurotransmission and the regulation of BDNF expression.
- Cognitive enhancement: Selank has been reported to improve cognitive function, particularly in the domains of memory, attention, and learning. Animal studies have shown that Selank enhances spatial memory and learning, while trials on mammals have demonstrated improvements in verbal memory and attention in patients with cognitive impairments.
- Neuroprotection: Selank exhibits neuroprotective properties, potentially due to its ability to modulate BDNF expression and its antioxidant effects. In animal models of neurodegenerative diseases, such as Alzheimer's and Parkinson's, Selank has been shown to attenuate neuronal damage and improve cognitive function.
- Immunomodulation and anti-inflammatory effects: Selank has been found to modulate the immune response and exert anti-inflammatory effects. It has been shown to regulate cytokine production and enhance immune cell activity, supporting further study into what Selank peptide does in immune-focused applications.
Side Effects
Based on the available preclinical data, the most common side effects associated with Selank treatment include:
- Mild headache
- Dizziness
- Dry mouth
- Fatigue
Note: The safety profile of Selank has not been fully established, and further clinical studies are needed to fully evaluate the potential for side effects and long-term safety of Selank in mammals.
Summary
Selank is a promising synthetic peptide with a wide range of potential therapeutic applications. Its anxiolytic, antidepressant, and cognitive-enhancing effects, combined with its neuroprotective and immunomodulatory properties, make it an attractive candidate for the treatment of various neuropsychiatric and cognitive disorders. While the available preclinical and clinical data are encouraging, further research is needed to fully elucidate its mechanisms of action and establish its safety and efficacy in humans. As a research peptide, Selank offers a unique opportunity for scientists to investigate novel therapeutic strategies for complex neurological and psychiatric conditions.
References
- Konstantinopolsky MA, et al. Bull Exp Biol Med. 2022;173(6):730-733. doi: 10.1007/s10517-022-05624-x. PMID: 36322304.
- Volkova A, et al. Front Pharmacol. 2016;7:31. doi: 10.3389/fphar.2016.00031. PMID: 26924987.
- Kolik LG, et al. Bull Exp Biol Med. 2019;167(5):641-644. doi: 10.1007/s10517-019-04588-9. PMID: 31625062.
- Filatova E, et al. Front Pharmacol. 2017;8:89. doi: 10.3389/fphar.2017.00089. PMID: 28293190.
- Fomenko EV, et al. Bull Exp Biol Med. 2019;167(2):293-296. doi: 10.1007/s10517-019-04512-1. PMID: 31243679.
- Leonidovna YA, et al. Curr Rev Clin Exp Pharmacol. 2021;16(2):162-167. doi: 10.2174/1574884715666200704152810. PMID: 32621722.
- Kolik LG, et al. Bull Exp Biol Med. 2016;162(1):56-59. doi: 10.1007/s10517-016-3544-6. PMID: 27878720.
- Panikratova YR, et al. Dokl Biol Sci. 2020;490(1):9-11. doi: 10.1134/S001249662001007X. PMID: 32342318.
- Vyunova TV, et al. Protein Pept Lett. 2018;25(10):914-923. doi: 10.2174/0929866525666180925144642. PMID: 30255741.
- Kolomin T, et al. Mol Immunol. 2014;58(1):50-5. doi: 10.1016/j.molimm.2013.11.002. PMID: 24291245.
- Fomenko EV, et al. Bull Exp Biol Med. 2017;163(4):415-418. doi: 10.1007/s10517-017-3817-8. PMID: 28853100.
- Medvedev VE, et al. Zh Nevrol Psikhiatr Im S S Korsakova. 2015;115(6):33-40. doi: 10.17116/jnevro20151156133-40. PMID: 26356395.
- Mukhina AY, et al. Bull Exp Biol Med. 2019;167(2):226-228. doi: 10.1007/s10517-019-04496-y. PMID: 31236882.
- Mukhina AY, et al. Bull Exp Biol Med. 2020;169(2):281-285. doi: 10.1007/s10517-020-04868-9. PMID: 32651826.
- Semenova TP, et al. Selank-induced neurochemical changes and their significance for memory processes. PMID: 17385425.
- Slominsky PA, et al. doi: 10.1134/S001249661705004B. PMID: 28702721.
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